Why Earthquakes Are Increasing Worldwide: Kya Duniya Mein Bhukamp Badh Rahe Hain?

Aaj ke samay mein jab bhi hum news kholte hain, kahin na kahin bhukamp (Earthquake) ki khabar zaroori milti hai. Kabhi Turkey, kabhi Japan, aur kabhi hamare pyare Bharat ke Delhi-NCR ya Himalayan regions mein dharti kanpti hui mehsoos hoti hai.

Lekin kya waqayi duniya mein bhukamp badh gaye hain, ya hamari detection technology behtar ho gayi hai? Is article mein hum Seismology aur Geology ki gahraiyon mein utrenge aur iska asli kaaran janenge.

Bhukamp Kya Hai aur Ye Kyun Aate Hain? (The Basic Science)

Bhukamp ka aana ek natural process hai. Hamari dharti ke niche Tectonic Plates hoti hain jo lagatar dhere-dhere move karti rehti hain. Jab ye plates aapas mein takrati hain ya ek doosre se ragad khati hain, to bahut bhari matra mein energy release hoti hai, jise hum Seismic Waves ke roop mein mehsoos karte hain.

Kya Sach Mein Earthquakes Badh Rahe Hain? (Global Trends)

Global data ke mutabiq, har saal duniya mein lakhon bhukamp aate hain, lekin unme se zyadatar itne chhote hote hain ki humein pata bhi nahi chalta.

1. Better Detection Technology

Pehle hamare paas gine-chune Seismograph hote the. Aaj duniya bhar mein hazaron sensitive stations hain jo halki si halchal ko bhi record kar lete hain. Isliye humein aisa lagta hai ki bhukamp ki sankhya badh gayi hai.

2. Population Density aur Media Coverage

Pehle jab sunsaan ilako mein bhukamp aate the, to khabar nahi banti thi. Aaj har kone mein abaadi hai aur social media ki wajah se har chhota jhatka turant viral ho jata hai.

Earthquake Badhne Ke Mukhya Kaaran (Key Reasons)

Science ke mutabiq kuch aise factors hain jo seismic activity ko trigger kar rahe hain:

1. Tectonic Plate Movements

Earth ki outer shell 7 badi aur kai chhoti plates mein banti hui hai. Pacific Ring of Fire ek aisa kshetra hai jahan sabse zyada halchal hoti hai. India ki plate (Indian Plate) lagatar Eurasian plate ko push kar rahi hai, jis wajah se Himalayan region mein khatra badh raha hai.

2. Climate Change aur Melting Glaciers

Ye sunne mein ajeeb lag sakta hai, lekin Global Warming ka bhukamp se gehra rishta hai. Jab bade glaciers pighalte hain, to zameen par se bahut bhari wazan (pressure) hat jata hai. Is process ko Isostatic Rebound kehte hain, jo niche dabi fault lines ko active kar sakta hai.

3. Human-Induced Earthquakes (Insaani Galtiyan)

Insaan ki kuch activities bhi dharti ko hila rahi hain:

• Fracking: Tel aur gas nikalne ke liye zameen mein high-pressure paani dalna.
• Mining: Bade paimane par khudaai karna jiske karan crustal stress badhta hai.
• Reservoir-Induced Seismicity: Bahut bade baandh (Dams) banana, jisse pani ka bhari pressure tectonic balance bigad deta hai.

India Par Iska Kya Asar Hai? (Indian Context)

Bharat ka lagbhag 59% hissa bhukamp ke khatre mein aata hai.

• Zone V (Highest Risk): Isme North-East India, Jammu-Kashmir, Himachal, Uttarakhand aur Rann of Kutch aate hain.
• Delhi-NCR: Ye Zone IV mein aata hai, jahan ka khatra lagatar badh raha hai kyunki ye kai fault lines ke upar basa hai.

Earthquake Se Kaise Bachen? (Safety & Preparedness)

Bhukamp ko roka nahi ja sakta, lekin nuksan kam kiya ja sakta hai:

1. Drop, Cover, and Hold on: Turant zameen par baithein aur kisi mazboot table ke niche chhupien.
2. Earthquake-Resistant Buildings: Ghar banate waqt seismic codes ka sakti se palan karein.
3. Emergency Kit: Paani, sookha khana, torch aur first-aid kit hamesha taiyar rakhein.

Conclusion: Science vs Myths

Ant mein, ye kehna galat nahi hoga ki dharti ki andaruni halchal hamesha se rahi hai. Halanki insaani gatividhiyan aur climate change ise thoda trigger kar rahe hain, lekin main wajah dharti ka natural evolution hi hai. Humein darne ke bajaye Disaster Management aur Science par bharosa rakhna chahiye.

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